![]() ![]() Regulatory RequirementsĪrc flash has been identified by OSHA’s regulatory bodies as a serious hazard requiring prompt mitigation action. We explore the differences between the methods to help clear misconceptions about the regulations and the available methodology for performing HVAF incident energy calculations. This article focuses on open-air, line-to-ground arc faults however, three-phase arc faults in enclosed equipment (15 kV to 36 kV) are also discussed because of the proliferation of renewable energy collector systems. In overhead transmission and distribution lines, the gap between conductor and ground is the most likely place for an arc fault. The effect of each parameter in the calculation is explained to help the reader apply the methods. These include conductor gap, short circuit current, arcing voltage, and exposure duration (arcing time) among others. Several key driving factors are responsible for the incident energy caused by a high-voltage arc flash. These methods serve as the basis for arc flash calculations in the examples, and we explain in detail how they relate to OSHA and NESC regulatory requirements. This article focuses on methods derived from Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) testing as well as methods based on research by V.V. Various methods have been proposed to calculate high-voltage arc-flash (HVAF) thermal incident energy levels, including IEEE 1584-2002, the Lee method, and Duke’s HFC Calculator. The intense heat and radiation can ignite clothing and cause severe burns. An arc flash produces extremely high temperatures, intense heat flux and radiation, high sound dB levels, and arc flash blast pressure waves. ![]() For this reason and to ensure compliance with OSHA regulations, arc flash hazards must be evaluated and studied for every facility with an electrical installation. ![]() Protecting utility workers and other working personnel who are exposed to line-to-line voltages above 15kV at live electricity installations is critical. ![]()
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